Each year, millions of people are facing skin diseases of diverse nature. Can be communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases. Often, (completely healthy at first glance of the people) and get a diagnosis of psoriasis. It occurs in different parts of the body, which can be of different intensity. Care of the sick and of those around them, as people fear the contagion. Let's see, what is psoriasis, the causes of its emergence, the symptoms and methods of treatment.
What is psoriasis
Psoriasis in the skin is a disease of chronic character, cannot be spread from person to person. Previously, this diagnosis was considered to be digestive inflammation of the skin, but today they call it psoriatic disease, in relation with the fact that it has the systemic nature, that is to say, occurs as a result of a failure in the endocrine system, immune system, nervous system.
The mechanism of development of psoriasis on the body
Failure to observe the focus of the pathology is not possible, since it is part of the body appear burning, itching, redness and exfoliation of the skin. Each person who is faced with the diagnosis, you start to feel discomfort during the communication with the people, since the disease is disfiguring the affected area of the body.
The mechanism of development lies in the fact that the skin cells die off after 4-5 days, but do not deviate and form papules and begin to flake, causing an inflammatory process. The disease is not transmitted by touch, so that the epidemics is not. The appearance of psoriasis is associated with the disorder of hyperactivity immune lymphocytes.
Typically, the disease appears in genetically susceptible people:
- If one parent has a predisposition to the disease, then the probability of the occurrence of this diagnosis, the child – 25%.
- If the 2 parents – 65%.
Psoriasis can appear at any age, even if in childhood there were no signs of their presence. A mechanism may be the treatment with antibiotics, alcoholic beverages, stress, skin lesions, beriberi.
Causes, symptoms and treatment of psoriasis
Although, the disease of the psoriasis affects people over many centuries, its source until now has not been installed. The disease can affect anyone, even you do not have a predisposition to the development of the pathology.
The doctors put such theories on the causes of the appearance of psoriasis:
- Viral.
- Immune.
- Infectious.
- Genetics.
- Caused by metabolic disorders.
Each one of these causes can cause the focus of the pathology, which can be in any part of the body: head, hands (especially in elbows), legs, as well as the psoriasis appears under the chest and in the stomach.
Why is the man occurs psoriasis: the theory of the
The scientists in the search for the causes of the development of the psoriasis changes were found in peripheral lymph nodes, which is a sign of virus forms of the disease.
The doctors believe that the retrovirus, which is transmitted by genetics, are the cause of the intensification of the psoriasis, but to prove it, we require:
- Select the retrovirus and its identity.
- To determine the environment of the habitat.
- Examine, that is not the strength of modern medicine.
Retroviruses have the ability to modify the genetic structure of humans, through the synthesis of dna and the education "falsum progressio". This factor is still under study medical, but through a transfusion of blood of a patient of psoriasis to be healthy, I never noted the occurrence of the disease in the second, which raises this theory in doubt.
The immune dysfunction
The violation immune in the field affecting many structures of the body, but specialists noticed that when you get to the sinusitis, tonsillitis and other autoimmune diseases, the foci were intensified.
In the first appearance of the psoriasis, the doctors believe that the source is autoimmune aggression.
It carried out numerous activities of diagnosis, they investigate the patients the appearance of microabscesses manro, arising as a result of the deviations in:
- Immunoglobulins.
- Antibodies.
- The immune complex.
The inflammatory process of the skin caused psoriasis increases the sensitivity of the epidermis, especially in places affected by the chemical or physical form. Then, there is an increase in the size of the eruptions and irritation. For the research, the specialists have identified antibodies to antigenic components and the same antigen that the people who do not have a predisposition to the pathology.
The theory infectious
It is considered that the causes of the appearance of psoriasis are directly related to the infection. The aggravation of the pathology often look at the people, who are in the hospital, despite the fact that the pathogenic fungi and micro-organisms has not been detected. Judging by the opinion of the scientists, psoriasis on the bottom of the infection of the defeat appears on the input of impulses in the vegetative and the endocrine system, which causes the change of the structures of the body on the floor of the immune dysfunction.
Also has place allergo-theory infectious, which is characterized by an allergic reaction to a virus, micro-organisms and toxic substances of the selection, but officially, this theory has not yet been confirmed.
The theory of genetics
This theory suggests that psoriasis is passed down from parents to children, as well as neighbors and relatives.
This is because the majority of people who have applied in the skin-the veins dispensary with psoriasis have this disease in the history of the loved ones of 3 to 5 generations, but to call the disease strictly participation is not possible, as it occurs in the background of a complex infringement:
- The changes the enzyme, lipid, carbohydrate, protein metabolism.
- Immune, endocrine, autonomic dysfunction.
- Viral and infectious diseases.
The deviations in the exchange of substances
Alterations in the metabolism, are the source of many diseases.
When psoriasis of the research indicate:
- High cholesterol
- The temperature below the norm.
In this case, the experts classified the psoriasis, such as cholesteric hemorrhagic diathesis, as it is incorrect lipid metabolism, causes the appearance of excess keratinization.
Also, the clinical picture of the patient can have the following values:
- The violation of the vitamin-exchange groups of b6/12, A, C. The amount of vitamin c in the body extra.
- The lack or excess of zinc, the copper, the iron.
These factors reduce the chances of adaptation of the person and contribute to the onset of diabetes, which often accompanies psoriasis.
Where you can still catch a disease of psoriasis (other reasons):
- Factors of stress.
- Acclimatization.
- The vaccination.
- Allergy.
- Women hormonal.
- Burns, trauma, bites and stings.
- Taking drugs and alcohol.
- The subcool.
- The misuse of some products.
- Food poisoning.
Psoriasis can appear in any person, regardless of age and sex, however, never appears, more causing the body of the sick harm and change the quality of life.
The first symptoms of psoriasis
Initially, the disease manifests itself in the form of small with a tendency to scaling papules, localized in the area of the previously affected area of the skin. In the initial phase of psoriasis can be gradual or sudden in the character development. In addition, it is introduced into the skin pink nodule very itching, the wire harness and begin to be filled by the eruption or the crust flaky. The sick try to comb pathological foci, as this brings relief, but it hurts most of the epidermis. The hairstyle of the psoriasis may be a danger that the disease spreads to nearby tissues, therefore, the appearance of the first symptoms, you should consult your doctor.
The first signs of psoriasis are a rash on these areas of the body:
- The inguinal folds.
- The head.
- Of the leg.
- Lower part of the back.
- The belly (below the chest).
- The nails/fingers.
- Hands, feet, knees, elbows, hands, feet).
To facilitate the diagnosis of psoriasis, experts have divided the disease of several forms, which have their own individual symptoms and the location. For example:
- The symptoms of psoriasis plaque form, is characterized by red depilatus papules, have clear limits. Usually are located in the area of the head, back, elbows and knees.
- The teardrop of psoriasis, the symptoms are completely different. In the affected section occurs by a series of small spots or pustules, when they are depressed they are separating the clear liquid. They usually occur on the back of the palms of the hands and feet.
Is the light form of psoriasis. Its development does not cause a temperature rise, joint pain, chills. However, it is necessary to treat any form of disease, because if you do not use the therapy with the appearance of the first symptoms of the psoriasis can spread to joints, nail plate and the mucous membranes.
For know how is seen the disease in the early stages, see the photo signa the evolution of psoriasis in the skin.
The typical signs of psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis refers to severe psoriasis. Then, the disease affects the joints, which causes its deformation, and the following partial/complete erectile dysfunction. In the initial phase of the disease is localized, in the area of the stop and the hands, and then transferred to the segments of the vertebral column and large joints. Then the joints increase in size, they begin to hurt.
In the examination, the doctor of the person to pay attention to the factors of:
- If there is a genetic predisposition to psoriasis.
- The swelling of the joints.
- Syndrome of pain when walking, touching themes.
- Limitation of the mobility.
- The stiffness in the joints (during the day and in the morning).
Also, the specialist will ask analysis. First you need to make sure that the pain in the joints caused by psoriasis. To do this, the patient must pass a test for rheumatoid factor. If the result is negative, it means that the doctor will make a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis.
The first signs of psoriasis of the nails
Initial signs of the defeat of the nail surface psoriasis are identical to the fungus. Then, around the perimeter of the nail can observe depressed points or longitudinal grooves. Can appear in 1 nail or all at once, but the beginning of the changes to secure the least part of the surface of the nail.
In the absence of treatment of the disease:
- Progresses towards the root.
- The nail becomes inflamed, thickens, and fades.
- Around the nail to form a border of red skin.
There may be a danger that as a result of nail plate can, however, exfoliate the skin or come to be as the shrine of the claw, since the disease affects not only the epidermis, but also of the nerve endings.
The treatment of psoriasis
Curing psoriasis is completely impossible, since the disease is chronic. Maximum, what the doctors can do is to assign pharmacotherapy, representing a rate of remission of the disease.
For medicinal purposes are assigned to the medications is a local destination. They increase the infiltration of the skin, reduces desquamation and resolve the inflammatory process, entailing by an itching sensation.
Such medications include ointments and creams that contain within themselves:
- Dithranol.
- Salicylic acid.
- The sulfur.
- Urea.
Also, the specialists prescribed local of glucocorticoids and lotions, suitable for the processing of the scalp.
The purpose of the therapy is influenced by many factors:
- The age of the patient.
- The primary manifestation of the disease or discomfort.
- To the extent that it advances the inflammation.
- Where is located the focus of the injury.
- The duration of the disease.
- In what form it manifests itself, etc
At the reception the specialist will examine the patient, collect history and will assign a biopsy of the affected area.
After you get the results, applies these methods of treatment.
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In an advanced state hormonal anti-inflammatory: The intensified and marked inflammation, plastic tool: |
The data of the medications in 70% of cases can resolve the inflammation and rashes on the skin, in the term of 2 weeks treatment of psoriasis. |
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Glucocorticoids negalogenizirovannam type: |
The tool is widely demanded for the treatment of pensioners and children, since the removal of its content of fluorine and chlorine reduces the likelihood of an allergic reaction. |
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Creams and ointments made of dithranol: |
Have antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory. They often cause allergies, in the form of itching and local swelling. Your assigned increasingly the dose for the short-term treatment. |
In addition to these techniques, there are other, not less effective, but must be picked up exclusively medical. Not correctly picked up therapy is able to worsen the patient's condition and cause a progressive inflammatory process in the bottom of an allergic reaction, therefore, it is not worth to experiment with drugs. In addition they should change constantly, as the body becomes accustomed to the effects of the drugs and the efficacy of therapy is reduced gradually.